What is in the Qur’an? Message of the Qur’an in Simple English

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Amino acid deprivation of the hypothalamic cell-line N25/2 induces changes in regulation of numerous transporters from the SLC family

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. They are essential for cell survival and normal cellular functions as they are the key precursors to numerous cellular pathways and processes. Availability of amino acids exhibit vital role in regulation of gene expression in all mammalian cells. Transporter proteins mediate transport of amino acids across the plasma membrane. In this study, complete amino acid starvation was performed on the hypothalamic cell line 25/2 from mouse to investigate the regulation of gene expression of amino acid transporters. We monitored up and down regulation in transcription of genes encoding solute carriers (Slcs) with a primary focus on amino acid transporters. Amino acid transporters from system A, L, xc, y+ and system ASC showed a response to amino acid starvation. Members from various solute carrier families that transport amino acids as their preferred substrate were found to be upregulated after 3-5 hours. Moreover, a few orphan genes such as Slc23a3 and Mfsd11 with unknown substrate profile were also found to be upregulated in response to amino acid depletion

Top 100 Most Cited Studies in Obesity Research: A Bibliometric Analysis

Obesity represents a major global public health problem. In the past few decades the prevalence of obesity has increased worldwide. In 2016, an estimated 1.9 billion adults were overweight; of these more than 650 million were obese. There is an urgent need for potential solutions and deeper understanding of the risk factors responsible for obesity. A bibliometric analysis study was designed to provide a comprehensive overview of top 100 most cited studies on obesity indexed in Web of Science database. The online search was conducted on June 6, 2021 using the keywords “Obesity” OR “Obese” OR “Overweight” in title filed with no limitations on document types or languages. The top 100 cited studies were selected in descending order based on number of citations. The obtained data were imported in to Microsoft Excel 2019 to extract the basic information such as title, authors name, journal name, year of publication and total citations. In addition, the data were also imported in to HistCite™ for further citation analysis, and VOSviewer software for windows to plot the data for network visualization mapping. The initial search retrieved a total of 167,553 documents on obesity. Of the total retrieved documents, only top 100 most cited studies on obesity were included for further analysis. These studies were published from 1982 to 2017 in English language. Most of the studies were published as an article (n = 84). The highly cited study on obesity was “Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey” published in BMJ-British Medical Journal (Impact Factor 39.890, Incites Journal Citation Reports, 2021) in 2000 cited 10,543 times. The average number of citations per study was 2,947.22 (ranging from 1,566 to 10,543 citations). Two studies had more than 10,000 citations. A total of 2,272 authors from 111 countries were involved. The most prolific author was Flegal KM authored 14 studies with 53,558 citations. The highly active country in obesity research was United States of America. The included studies were published in 33 journals. The most attractive journal was JAMA-Journal of the American Medical Association (Impact Factor 56.272) published 17 studies and cited globally 51,853 times. The most frequently used keywords were obesity (n = 87) and overweight (n = 22). The countries with highest total link strength was United States of America (n = 155), followed by England (n = 140), and Scotland (n = 130). Our results show that most number of highly cited studies were published in developed countries. The findings of this study can serve as a standard benchmark for researchers to provide the quality bibliographic references and insights into the future research trends and scientific cooperation in obesity research

On Inhomogeneous Fractional Partial Differential Equations

In this paper, a coupling method of Laplace transform and Homotopy analysis method is applied for solving various inhomogeneous fractional partial differential equations.The proposed algorithm presents a procedure of construct the base function and gives a high order deformation equation in simple form. The purpose of using the Laplace transform is to overcome the deficiency that is mainly caused by unsatisfied conditions in the other analytical techniques. The scheme is tested for some examples to demonstrate the capability of LHAM for fractional partial differential equations. Keywords: Laplace homotopy analysis method; homotopy analysis method; fractional differential equations; modified Riemann-Liouville derivative; Wave equation; Burger’s equation; Klein-Gorden equation

Emergence of COVID-19 (formerly 2019-novel Coronavirus): a new threat from China

Coronaviruses cause diseases in birds, mammals, and humans, and were first identified in the mid-1960s (Lee, 2015; Bande et al., 2015; CDC, 2020). These viruses are named for the crown-like spikes on their surface (CDC, 2020). Based on the classification of the International Committee for Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) coronaviruses are from order Nidovirales, family Coronaviridae and subfamily Coronavirinae. The viruses contain a positive sense, single-stranded Ribonucleic acid (RNA) genome ranged from 26 to 32 kilobases (kb) in length and thus have the largest genomes for RNA viruses (van Regenmortel et al., 2000). These viruses are further divided into four main subgroups named alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. There are seven human coronaviruses cause infection in humans including 229E (alpha coronavirus), NL63 (alpha coronavirus), OC43 (beta coronavirus), HKU1 (beta coronavirus), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, or MERS (beta coronavirus), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, or SARS (beta coronavirus), and the newly identified 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) (CDC, 2020). Common symptoms of the disease include fever, cough, respiratory symptoms, shortness of breath and breathing difficulties (WHO, 2020)

Target Tracking in Wireless Sensor Networks

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of a group of tiny devices called sensors that communicate through wireless links. Sensors are used to collect data about some parameters and send the collected data for further processing to a designated station. The designated station is often called command and control center (CCC), fusion center (FC), or sink. Sensors forward the collected data to their leaders or cluster heads, which in turn send it to the centralized station. There are many applications of a WSN such as environmental monitoring, raising alarms for fires in forests and multi-storied buildings, monitoring habitats of wild animals, monitoring children in a kindergarten, support system in play grounds, monitoring indoor patients in a hospital, precision agriculture, detection of infiltration along international boundaries, tracking an object or a target, etc.Facultad de Informátic

UNDERSTANDING PAKISTAN THROUGH LITERATURE: AN APPRAISAL OF SOME RECENT WORKS

Pakistan, the second most populous Muslim country after Indonesia, came into existence on 14th August, 1947, after the division of ‘British ruled’ India (into India and Pakistan). From its inception to present, Pakistan covers a tumultuous history of over seven decades (1947-2019). Among the South Asian countries, no quantum of scholarship has been produced on any country—its history, religion (and religious ideology), politics, society, economy, and other inter-related issue—than Pakistan. This has continued in the last as well as present century. From 2010 onwards, numerous works have been published on religion, politics, military, and other aspects of Pakistan. This review essay, in this framework, presents an assessment of three (3) important works, published in between 2012 and 2014, so that to get clues of the various aspects of Pakistan. Following a descriptive-cum-comparative methodological approach, the books assessed and examined are: Ian Talbot, Pakistan: A New History (2012); Faisal Devji, Muslim Zion: Pakistan as a Political Idea (2013); and Aqil Shah, The Army and Democracy: Military Politics in Pakistan (2014). This assessment helps us in understanding the diverse scholarly approaches adopted (by different scholars) in studying Pakistan. The major argument put forth is that such an appraisal helps us not only in understanding the history of Pakistan, but in analyzing the issues and challenges Pakistan has faced, and is facing—be they religious, political, or related to military and security, etc